Future Vaccines
Rabies
Rabies infects mammals, including dogs, cats, livestock and wildlife. The rabies virus attacks the central nervous system, causing disease in the brain and death. Rabies spreads to people and animals via saliva, usually through bites, scratches, or direct contact with mucosa (e.g. eyes, mouth, or open wounds). Once clinical symptoms appear, rabies is virtually 100% fatal but vaccination and early treatment can prevent it
Inactivated rabies virus vaccines can be administered either intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The first vaccination is given per label recommendations at a minimum of 3 months of age due to the potential interference by maternally derived antibodies and a relatively poor immune response in the young
Sheep and Goat Pox Virus (SGPV)
Sheep pox (SP) and goat pox (GP) are caused by a Capri pox virus, a genus that also includes the Lumpy skin disease (LSD) of cattle. SGP are highly contagious diseases of sheep and goats characterized by fever, ocular and nasal discharges. Economic losses result from decreased milk production, damage to the quality of hides and wool, and other production losses. In Asia and the Pacific region, the OIE Reference Laboratory for sheep pox and goat pox is situated in Iran. It can provide technical advice and can offer training opportunities for personnel from OIE Members.
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)
Bovine Viral Diarrhea is a disease of cattle caused by the Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV). The virus is widespread, and most herds are at risk for infection. BVDV infection results in a wide variety of clinical manifestations, including enteric and respiratory disease in any class of cattle, or reproductive and fetal disease following infection of a susceptible breeding female. Infection may be subclinical or extend to severe fatal disease
The parainfluenza virus 3 (PI3)
The parainfluenza virus 3 is a virus of the family Paramyxoviridae. This virus produces bovine infections, in which it causes a highly contagious disease called bovine parainfluenza 3. Respiratory signs: fever, cough, serous nasal discharge and lacrimal fluid, as well as increased respiratory rate and lung sounds. If the disease is not complicated by bacterial pneumonia, the clinical signs are mild, usually without mortality
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) caused by bovine herpesvirus. is a disease of domestic and wild cattle. The disease is characterised by clinical signs of the upper respiratory tract, such as a (muco) purulent nasal discharge, hyperaemia of the muzzle (red nose disease), and conjunctivitis. Signs of general illness are fever, depression, inappetence, abortions and reduced milk yield. Where natural mating is practised, genital infection can lead to pustular vulvovaginitis or balanoposthitis. However, most infections run a very mild or subclinical course